The Acqui Division had been the Italian garrison of Kefalonia since May 1943, during World War II. The monument, located in the road to Fanari, commemorates the soldiers who died battling the Germans, were executed or have died during transport to detention camps.
The Massacre of the Acqui Division , also known as the Cephalonia Massacre, was the mass execution of the men of the Italian 33rd Acqui Infantry Division by the Germans in September 1943, following the Italian armistice during the Second World War. About 5000 soldiers were massacred and others drowned or were otherwise murdered.
The massacre provided the historical background to the novel Captain Corelli’s Mandolin, which later became a Hollywood movie, entirely filmed on Kefalonia. It was one of the largest prisoner of war massacres and one of the largest-scale German atrocities to be committed by Wehrmacht troops. This monument was placed by the Italian government in 1978.
Source: kefaloniaisland.org